> See also: > - [[Cell Cultures]] # Cell Sorting ## Cell Enrichment (Separation) Cell enrichment is a process in which specific cell types or populations are isolated and concentrated from a heterogeneous mixture of cells. This technique is crucial for extracting cells of interest from samples (Ex: patient blood) - [Biotin ←> Streptavidin](https://www.aatbio.com/catalog/biotin-and-streptavidin) is one of the strongest non-covalent bonds found in nature and is widely used in conjugation systems as a result ## Flow Cytometry > See also: > - [BioRad Index - Fluidics System](https://www.bio-rad-antibodies.com/flow-cytometry-fluidics-system.html) Flow cytometry is the general technique that allows researchers cells to be separated based on their properties. Various versions of flow cytometry exist that can select for specific 1. Fluidics Systems 2. Optical Systems 3. Electronic System Flow Rate: Depends a Event Rate: Depends on sample concentration If a sample does not already contain a fluorophore (expressing fluorescent proteins such as GFP) it must be stained with fluorophore marker such as fluorophore-conjugated [[antibodies]] ### Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) > See also: > - [[Antibody-Based Lab Techniques]] **Forward Scatter** (small angle scatter) - Measured diffracted light and is associated with a particle’s surface area and refractive index **Side Scatter** (wide angle scatter) - Looks at granularity and complexity Compensation is a mathematical correction for the emission of one fluorophore into the detector used to measure anoother ### Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) > See also: > - [Stem Cell Technologies - Immunomagnetic Cell Separation: Positive Selection Vs. Negative Selection](https://www.stemcell.com/cell-separation/positive-vs-negative-selection) ## Cell Gating Flow cytometry can be repeatedly run on a collection of cells Forward Scatter ### 2D Scatter Plots Two components