> See also:
> - [[Combinatorics]]
> - [[Set Theory]]
# Inclusion-Exclusion
The **inclusion-exclusion principle** is a fundamental principle of combinatorics which provides *a systematic way of accounting for the overlapping elements in different sets*.
It states that the size of the union of two or more sets is equal to the sum of their individual sizes minus the size of their possible intersections.
## Set Theory
> [!note] **Inclusion-Exclusion of Two Sets**
> $|A \cup B| = |A| + |B| - |A \cap B|$
> [!note] **Inclusion-Exclusion of Three Sets**
> $|A \cup B \cup C| =$
> $|A| + |B| + |C| - |A \cap B| - |A\cap C| - |B \cap C| + |A \cap B \cap C|$
> [!summary] The Inclusion-Exclusion Principle
>