# Precipitation Reactions
> [!abstract] Precipitation Reactions
> A **precipitation reaction** involves multiple dissolved substances which react to form one (or more) solid products.
> - *Also known as: Double Displacement, Double Replacement, & Metathesis*
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Solubility is the maximum concentration of a substance that can be achieved under specified conditions.
- A substance will **precipitate** when it’s concentration exceeds its solubility within the given solution.
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Substances that have a relatively large solubility are said to be **soluble**.
Substances that have a relatively low solubility are said to be **insoluble**; these are the substances which readily precipitate from the solution.
You can use the standard set of [[Solubility vs Dissociation]] to predict the solubility of a substance
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Where dissolved substances react to form one (or more) solid products
- Also referred to as double displacement
### Solubility Product Constant
Solubility constants are the equilibrium constants for precipitation reactions
$M_pX_q (s) \rightleftharpoons pM^{m+} (aq) + qX^{n-} (aq)$
$K_{sp} = [M^{m+p}]^p \cdot [X^{n-}]^q$